Vapor-lamp.



A. A. WARNER.

VAPOR LAMP.

APPLIOATIONIILED AUG. 9, 1907. 913,789, Patented Mar. 2, 1909.

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UNITED snares PATENT ora ion ALONZO A. WARNER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO LANDERS, FRARY, AND CLARK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION.

VAPOR-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 2, 1909.

Application filed August 9, 1907. Serial No. 387,820.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALoxzo A. 'WARNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

Mfy invention relates to improvements in vapor lamps and the main object of my improvements is efliciency in operation.

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 is a side elevation of lamp partly broken away and with a small portion in section. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the same, the plane of section extending centrally through the lamp and along the axis of the shutter raising shaft. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the central portion of the lamp, the plane of section bein on the line a: a: of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sice elevation of the shutter, its rack and pinion with a transverse section of the shutter raising shaft.

The lamp font in the main may be of any ordinary construction. On the top of this font is a tubular boss 5 that constitutes the mouth of the font and within which the shutter 6 and wick tube 7 are arranged. It is preferable to form this boss in a separate piece from the font in the form of a flanged tube, and to extend it down into the font below the top, as shown. A flange is formed at each end of this boss and extended inwardly, the opening at the inner edge of the upper one of these flanges constituting the mouth of the font, while both flanges have a guiding fit on the shutter. Surrounding this boss there is an annular depression or priming groove 8 on the top of the font Within which to place alcohol or other fuel for burning to generate gas for starting the burner. Within the font at the bottom is the usual socket or nut 9, into which to insert and secure the lower end of the wick tube 7. At a point near the top of the boss 5 the wick tube is provided with a series of perforations 10 and surrounding these perforations is the chambered jet ring 11, that is rigidly and permanently secured thereon. The interior of this jet ring communicates with the interior of the wick tube through the perforations 10. The top of the jet ring is provided with a series of fine perforations thatform the jets 12, and it is so located on the wick tube that when the wick tube "is fully screwed down into place the top of the jet ring will be in about the same plane as the upper edge of the boss 5. The jet perforations are made in the flat top of the ring closely by the side of the wick tube. At a considerable distance above the jet ring 11 a bead 13 is formed on the wick tube. The upper end of the wick tube is tightly closed by an imperforate cap 1 and surrounding the said cap is a flange 15 for the shutter to close upon, the said flange being preferably provided with grooves 16 on its under side to serve as jets for low burning when the shutter is closed upon it. The bead 13 is near the flange so that the bead and flange together form respectively the lower and upper walls of a groove or annular recess around the wick tube near its upper end. The wick tube is nearly filled with any ordinary wicking 17 that extends substantially from top to bottom of the said tube, although I prefer to fill a small portion of the wick tube at the extreme upper end with a disk of asbestos 18.

In order to leave a clear space within the wick tube through which space vapor or gas may circulate freely without having to force its way through the wicking, and to form an open space or pocket into which to drain the wick tube as the alcohol is forced down from the upper end of the wick tube when it is first heated, I employ a rod-like device in the form of a bar or tube 19, that is long enough to reach from the top of the wick tube downwardly to a point below the perforations that open into the jet ring, and I embed this tube into one side of the wicking at its upper end when the wicking is inserted as shown, so that a portion of the wicking on each side of the tube or rod will be held out of contact with the side of the wick tube and thus provide the said free or open space 25. The only reason that a tube is employed rather than a rod or bar, is because it is of less weight.

The extreme diameter of the jet-ring 11 is a little less than the inner diameter of the mouth or boss 5 of the font, so as to leave room for the shutter 6 to move up and down, the said shutter substantially filling the interior of the flan es at both ends of the said boss, while the et ring in turn substantially fills the interior of the shutter. By this construction a cooling or insulating chamber is formed around the upper end of the shutter, which chamber extends from flange to flange of the boss 5. The shutter is a simple cylinder and may be raised and lowered by any ordinary means. As shown, I secure a rack 20 on the outside of the shutter and in connection therewith is a pinion 21, mounted on the shutter raising shaft 22, in any suitable bearing or box 23 on the font. The boss 5 may be perforated at one side sufliciently to receive the pinion 21. A rack placed on the outside of an imperforate shutter is preferable, rather than a rack of a construction that involves perforating the shutter.

For lighting the lamp the shutter is turned fully down into the position shown and a little alcohol placed in the annular priming groove 8 and ignited. This will heat the boss and adjacent parts and generate a gas or vapor which upon issuing from the jets of the jet ring will be ignited and start the lamp. The vapor or gas issuing from the jets moves up by the side of the wick tube, expanding as it moves upwardly so that some of it strikes the bead 13, and spreads the flame outwardly while an eddy will be formed by the groove between the bead l3 and flange 15 that will tend to retain the fire at the upper end of the tube. No flame will be visible at the jets 12 but will show in the vicinity of the bead and fire retaining groove above the bead. The jet ring is placed much lower on the wick tube than usual, because no burning is intended at the jets after the lamp is well started. The gas is generated mainly in the upper end of the wick tube and then passes down to the jet ring and rises upwardly to mix with the air for burning in the vicinity of the bead or groove near the upper end of the wick tube. 7

With jets communicating with the interior of the wick tube at a point so low down as is my jet ring, it is necessary to make some provision for preventing the alcohol from flowing out of the wick tube through the jets. This is prevented by the free open space 25 inside of the wick tube that is not filled with wic *ing and which open space extends so far below the jets as to take all the alcohol that is forced down by heat in starting the lamp. The flame may be regulated by raising the shutter as may be desired. The bead 13 is intended to be of a size that substantially fills the shutter so that the position of the mouth of the shutter relatively to this bead, as the shutter is brought near the bead, will determine the extent to which the vapor is cut ofi'. As the shutter is raised toward the bead the vapor is prevented by the shutter from expanding laterally therein, and the bead then acts as a spreader to extend the flame. There will be a slight flow of vapor throughthe shutter after the upper end of the shutter has been raised above the bead and when the shutter is fully raised to close against the underside of the flange 15 the vapor will issue through the jets 16 and give a small flame for a low heat. The free space within the wick tube by the side of the tube 19, forms an eflicient feed when the lamp is burning, furnishes a pocket or open receptacle for alcohol to drain into in starting the lamp, and furnishes a vent for the font after the flame is extinguished. Any ordinary means may be employed to furnish a free circulation of the alcohol at the lower end of the wick tube for saturating the wicking. As. shown, the nut 9 is slightly elevated above the bottom of the font to permit the alcohol to pass into the interior of the nut.

I claim as my invention: 7

1. In a vapor lamp, a font having a boss that forms the mouth of the font, a priming groove surrounding the said boss, a wick tube having a chambered jet ring on its outside within the said boss, and a bead surrounding the wick tube above the said jet ring, and a shutter arranged to move up and down within the said boss and outside of the said jet ring.

in a vapor lamp, a font having a mouth, a priming groove surrounding the said mouth, a wick tube having a chambered jet- .ring on its outside Within the said mouth, and a shutter arranged to move up and down within the said mouth outside of the said jet ring.

3. In a vapor lamp, a font having a fixed mouth, a wick tube having a chambered jet ring on its outside within the said mouth, the jet perforations being in the upper side of the said ring, an upper and lower wall surrounding the wick tube and together forming an annular recess around the wick tube near its upper end for creating an eddy in the flame of the jets, and a shutter arranged to move up and down outside of the said jet ring and upper end of the wick tube.

-l. In a vapor lamp, a font having a fixed mouth, a wick tube extended through said mouth into the font, a chambered jet ring on the outside of the said wick tube within the said fixed mouth and communicating with the interior of the said wick tube, a series of jets in the top of the said jet ring, a bead and flange surrounding the said wick tube near its upper end and a shutter arranged to move up and down outside of the said jet ring to the said flange.

In a vapor lamp, the combination of a font with a wick tube having an opening in its side, a filling of wicking and a rod like device between an inner wall of the said Wick tube and an outer surface of the said wicking to separate the said wicking from the said wall and form a free vapor space between the said wall and wick on two sides of the said rod like device, the said two vapor spaces as formed by the said rod like device and wickin extending vertically from a point in the wick tube below the top of the font upwardly across the said opening in the side of the wick tube and communicating directly therewith.

6. In a vapor lamp, the combination of a font having a mouth, a wick tube having a free space within it that is unoccupied by wicking and which extends below the top of the said mouth, a jet ring surrounding the said wick tube within the said mouth, and a shutter outside of the said jet ring.

7 In a vapor lamp, a font having a central boss in the form of a tube having an inwardly turned flange at each end, one end of the said boss extending down into the font below its top, a shutter fitted to be moved up and down within the said inwardly turned flanges of the said boss, and a wick tube inside of the said shutter.

S. In a vapor lamp, the combination of a wick tube with a filling of wicking and a loose rod like device embedded in the wicking to form a free vapor space extending longitudinally of the wick tube on each side of the said rod like device, the said device being held in place by the pressure of the wicking at one side of the said device and the reaction of the said pressure on the wick tube at the other side of said device.

9. In a vapor lamp, a font having a mouth, a wick tube extending through the said mouth into the font and having a portion of its length at its upper end completely closed, a jet ring surrounding the said wick tube and communicating with the interior of the said tube at the lower end of the said closed portion, a bead 13 and a flange 15 on the upper part of the said closed portion at a point above the said jet ring, and a shutter arranged to move up and down outside of the said jet ring to the said flange.

10. In a vapor lamp, the combination of a font with a wick tube having a portion of its length at its upper end completely closed 1 and an opening in its side at the lower end of the said closed portion, a wicking within the said wick tube extending up into the said closed portion and downward therefrom, the said wicking and interior wall of the wick tube having a free open space between them, which space extends from the said closed portion at the upper end of the wick tube down to and below the said opening in the side of the wick tube, for vapor to pass downwardly to the said opening and for liquid to pass downwardly below the said opening, a jet ring surrounding the said wick tube and communicating with the interior of the said tube, and a shutter outside of the said jet ring.

11. In a vapor lamp, the combination of a font with a cylindrical wick tube having an opening in its side, a filling of wicking and a rod interposed between the said wicking and inner wall of the said wick tube and extending vertically across the said opening in the side of the wick tube, and forming a free vapor space between the convex side of the said rod and the opposing concave wall of the wick tube against which wall the said convex side of the rod rests.

12. In a vapor lamp, a font having a fixed mouth, a wick tube extended through the said mouth into the font and having a portion of its length above the said mouth at its upper end completely closed, a jet ring surrounding the said wick tube within the said fixed mouth and communicating with the interior of the said tube at the lower end of the said closed portion, a bead 13 and a flange 15 on the upper part of the said closed portion and together forming an annular recess around the wick tube near its upper end for acting on the flame above the said jet ring, and a shutter arranged to move up and down outside of the said jet ring to the said flange.

ALONZO A. WARNER. lVitnesses C. G. GAmueUs, J. 0. Emma. 

